The Potential Role of Cloves in Supporting Skin Health: What Science Suggests

As people age, visible changes in the skin such as dryness, reduced elasticity, uneven tone, and fine lines become increasingly common. These changes are largely driven by intrinsic aging as well as external factors including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, pollution, and oxidative stress. While cosmetic products remain popular, there is growing interest in dietary and lifestyle approaches that may help support skin health from within.

One traditional ingredient that has attracted scientific attention is the clove (Syzygium aromaticum), a spice long used in culinary and medicinal practices. Cloves contain a range of bioactive compounds, most notably eugenol, which has been studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Oxidative Stress and Skin Aging

Oxidative stress plays a central role in skin aging by damaging cellular structures, proteins, and lipids. Free radicals generated by UV exposure and environmental pollutants accelerate collagen breakdown and impair skin barrier function. Research consistently shows that antioxidants help neutralize these reactive molecules, thereby supporting healthier skin structure and appearance (bold: Journal of Investigative Dermatology).

Cloves rank among the highest antioxidant-containing spices when measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Laboratory analyses indicate that eugenol contributes significantly to this antioxidant activity (bold: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry).

Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Skin Comfort

Chronic low-grade inflammation is another contributor to premature skin aging, redness, and sensitivity. Eugenol has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators in experimental models. These properties may help calm inflammatory pathways associated with skin irritation and environmental stress exposure (bold: Phytotherapy Research).

Animal studies examining clove extracts have shown protective effects against UV-induced skin damage, including reduced collagen degradation and improved skin thickness. Although these findings are preliminary and not yet confirmed in large human trials, they provide a biological basis for further investigation (bold: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies).

Hydration, Circulation, and Indirect Skin Benefits

Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining skin elasticity and barrier integrity. Consuming infused water, such as clove water, may indirectly support skin appearance by promoting overall fluid intake. In addition, traditional warming spices like cloves have been associated with improved peripheral circulation, which may enhance nutrient delivery to skin tissues (bold: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine).

It is important to note that these effects are supportive rather than corrective and should be understood as part of a broader healthy lifestyle.

Clove Water: Traditional Practice and Modern Perspective

Clove water is typically prepared by soaking whole cloves in warm water and consuming the infusion. This method allows for mild extraction of water-soluble compounds while avoiding the high concentration risks associated with essential oils. From a safety standpoint, moderate dietary use of cloves is generally considered safe for healthy adults, though excessive intake may cause gastrointestinal irritation or interact with anticoagulant medications (bold: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health – NCCIH).

Limitations of Current Evidence

While laboratory and animal studies suggest promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, high-quality human clinical trials examining clove consumption and skin outcomes are limited. Therefore, cloves should not be viewed as a treatment for skin conditions or as a substitute for sun protection, dermatologic care, or medical treatment.

Conclusion

Scientific evidence suggests that cloves contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may help support overall skin health. When consumed in moderation, such as in clove-infused water, they may contribute indirectly to improved skin appearance by reducing oxidative stress, supporting circulation, and promoting hydration. However, these effects are gradual and complementary rather than transformative. For optimal skin health, cloves should be considered one component of a balanced diet, alongside adequate hydration, sun protection, and evidence-based skincare practices.